Threshold-based draggable gesture system and method for triggering events

ABSTRACT

A novel approach to displaying content on user devices may include initializing a gesture-to-refresh functionality with a view of a page of a non-native application running on a client device. The non-native application can be platform-independent. Each page of the non-native application can have its own gesture-to-refresh functionality. User gesture events such as touch or mouse events relative to the view presented on a display of the client device are continuously monitored by the gesture-to-refresh functionality which detects and tracks the view when dragged by a dragging gesture from a first position to a second position on the display. The view is refreshed when the second position of the view reaches or exceeds a predetermined threshold. The view is allowed to return to the first position upon release of the dragging gesture when the second position of the view is less than the predetermined threshold.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION(S)

This is a conversion of, and claims a benefit of priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119 from U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/010,349, filed Jun. 10, 2014, entitled “THRESHOLD-BASED DRAGGABLE GESTURE SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR TRIGGERING EVENTS,” which is fully incorporated by reference herein for all purposes.

TECHNICAL FIELD

This disclosure relates generally to software user interfaces. More particularly, embodiments disclosed herein relate to systems, methods, and computer program products for any user interface which, by mouse, finger, stylus, pointing device or other “dragging” device, a user's gesture or position is measured against a threshold mark over time to thereby trigger events.

BACKGROUND

In native mobile touch application developments such as those for iPhone and Android devices, user interface (UI) software development kits (SDKs) have been developed to give users the ability to pull down to refresh or reload a view of a page on mobile devices using their fingers and/or styluses. Mobile device users are used to native mobile applications having this pull-down-to-refresh functionality. However, this pull-down-to-refresh functionality does not exist in desktop applications, web-based applications, and mobile applications that are not written in the native code.

Applications that are not written in native mobile touch application developments may implement certain traditional approaches to displaying content on a mobile device. These traditional approaches have their drawbacks. For example, to manage a view pull, one traditional approach involves “hijacking” the natural scrolling behavior of the entire content area and making the process of scrolling manual. Traditional approaches like this can be very intrusive to the process of scrolling itself and expensive for central processing unit (CPU) cycle reasons, particularly since there is already a natural browser mechanism to control how content is refreshed.

Other traditional approaches do not work well in a “dynamic page” environment. With such traditional approaches, all of the JavaScript and HyperText Markup Language (HTML) of an application are loaded upfront. When there is a need to go to another section of the application, a state is changed to show or hide content. The application does not perform another page load or refresh content. Yet other traditional approaches to displaying content on a mobile device are not hospitable to “app-like” designs.

In view of the foregoing, there is room for innovations and improvements to displaying content on user devices.

SUMMARY OF THE DISCLOSURE

Accordingly, it is an object of the invention to provide a threshold-based draggable gesture system and method for triggering events in an application not necessarily native to a mobile device. In some embodiments, this object can be realized in a web-page-based, gesture system configured for dynamic, single-loaded-html-page environments. In some embodiments, the system may be implemented as a user interface module running on a client device.

In some embodiments, the user interface module may implement a method comprising initializing a gesture-to-refresh functionality such as a pull down functionality on a client device. Examples of a suitable client device may include, but are not limited to, a mobile device, a smart phone, or a tablet computer.

The method may further comprise monitoring gesture events such as touch event, mouse-down events, pointing-device events, etc. This monitoring may be performed continuously such that when a predetermined user input such as a certain gesture (e.g., drag down, drag left, drag right, pull up, etc.) is detected, the movement of the user gesture (which is referred to herein as a gesture event) can be tracked and compared to a predefined threshold. The method may comprise determining whether such a user gesture amounts to an indication that the content should be refreshed and, if so (e.g., all conditions are met), performing predetermined animations, and calling an inputted work function.

One embodiment comprises a system comprising a processor and a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that stores computer instructions translatable by the processor to perform a method substantially as described herein. Another embodiment comprises a computer program product having a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium that stores computer instructions translatable by a processor to perform a method substantially as described herein.

Numerous other embodiments are also possible.

Embodiments disclosed herein can provide many advantages. For example, with embodiments disclosed herein, application developers can develop non-native applications such as web and/or mobile applications with JavaScript, Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), and HTML and have them behave in a manner intuitively akin to what users are expecting from native applications. It can save money and time by only having to write code for a particular platform once and deploy in multiple places/devices.

These, and other, aspects of the disclosure will be better appreciated and understood when considered in conjunction with the following description and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood, however, that the following description, while indicating various embodiments of the disclosure and numerous specific details thereof, is given by way of illustration and not of limitation. Many substitutions, modifications, additions and/or rearrangements may be made within the scope of the disclosure without departing from the spirit thereof, and the disclosure includes all such substitutions, modifications, additions and/or rearrangements.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The drawings accompanying and forming part of this specification are included to depict certain aspects of the invention. A clearer impression of the invention, and of the components and operation of systems provided with the invention, will become more readily apparent by referring to the exemplary, and therefore non-limiting, embodiments illustrated in the drawings in which like reference numbers indicate like features and wherein:

FIG. 1 depicts a diagrammatic representation of one example of a system operating in a network environment according to some embodiments disclosed herein;

FIG. 2 depicts a flow chart illustrating one example of a method according to some embodiments disclosed herein;

FIG. 3 depicts a flow chart illustrating one example of a method according to some embodiments disclosed herein;

FIG. 4 depicts a functional diagram illustrating one example of a pull down functionality according to some embodiments disclosed herein;

FIG. 5 schematically depicts views associated with a web page according to some embodiments disclosed herein; and

FIG. 6 depicts a diagrammatic representation of one example embodiment of a data processing system that can be used to implement embodiments disclosed herein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The invention and the various features and advantageous details thereof are explained more fully with reference to the non-limiting embodiments that are illustrated in the accompanying drawings and detailed in the following description. Descriptions of well-known starting materials, processing techniques, components and equipment are omitted so as not to unnecessarily obscure the invention in detail. It should be understood, however, that the detailed description and the specific examples, while indicating some embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration only and not by way of limitation. Various substitutions, modifications, additions and/or rearrangements within the spirit and/or scope of the underlying inventive concept will become apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure.

FIG. 1 depicts a diagrammatic representation of one example of a system operating in a network environment according to some embodiments disclosed herein. System 100 may include client device 102 coupled to server 101 over network 103. A mobile device such as a smartphone can be an example of client device 102. Additional examples may include, but are not limited to, tablet computers, laptop computers, handheld devices, mobile devices, personal digital assistants, enterprise digital assistants, etc.

Client device 102 may include native code 110, user interface 120, non-native applications 130 a . . . 130 n, operating system 140, device hardware 150, and data storage 160. Native code refers to computer programming (code) compiled to run on a specific processor and its set of instructions. In other words, native code 110 is platform-dependent. The term platform can refer to the type of processor and/or other hardware on which a given operating system or application runs, the type of operating system on a computer or the combination of the type of hardware and the type of operating system running on it. An example of native code can be a mobile application specifically written to run on a particular type of smartphone having a particular operating system.

Client device 102 may also include one or more non-native applications 130 a . . . 130 n that are not written in native code. Applications 130 a . . . 130 n can be platform-independent. An example of a non-native application can be a web application. A web application refers to software that runs in a web browser or is created in a browser supported programming language such as JavaScript, HTML, CSS, etc. A web application relies on a web browser to render the application and may access application files stored on remote server(s) such as server 101 shown in FIG. 1. To this end, a web browser can be considered a client of server 101. Depending upon implementation, a web browser can be a thin or thick client. In some cases, client device 102 may retrieve one or more web applications from server 101 and/or from an electronic application store on the Internet.

Web applications typically require little or no disk space on a client because they can operate within a browser window. Native software, however, is typically stored in a memory of a device on which it runs. To this end, operating system 140 running on client device 102 includes a collection of software that manages hardware resources (e.g., device hardware 150 and data storage 160) and provides common services for native code 110.

A user of client device 102 may interact with native code 110 and/or non-native applications 130 a . . . 130 n via user interface 120. An example of user interface 120 can be a touch interface for a touchscreen. A touchscreen is an electronic display device that a user can control through gestures by touching the touchscreen with a stylus, pen, and/or one or more fingers (collectively referred to hereinafter as a pointer). For example, in using a native application running on a mobile device such as a smartphone, a user may navigate to the top of a list displayed on the touchscreen of the smartphone by the native application, pull the list down, and then release it. Upon the user releasing the pointer, the native application refreshes the list. This gives the user a quick way to refresh the view displayed by the native application.

As will be discussed in greater detail below, embodiments disclosed herein allow a user to have similar functionality while using the non-native applications, such as while using a web browser to view a web page. An example of a “web page” may be a “single page web application,” which may include a plurality of screen views (which may also be referred to as page views or views). With such a single page application, rather than an entire single web page being refreshed in response to a click, a single click hides a current screen view and causes another to slide in its place. For example, referring to FIG. 5, a web page displayed on a device such as a smartphone (not shown) may have a plurality of screen views 502 a, 502 b, 502 c, etc. As will be described in greater detail below, each such screen view may be associated with its own gesture-to-refresh functionality.

FIG. 2 depicts a flow chart illustrating one example of method 200 according to some embodiments disclosed herein. In some embodiments, a gesture-to-refresh functionality is initialized with a view associated with a page of a non-native application running on a client device (step 201). The non-native application may be written in code that is not native to an operating system executing on the client device. At step 205, gesture events (e.g., touch events, mouse-down events, pointing-device events, etc.) relative to the view presented on a display of the client device may be monitored. In some embodiments, this may be done via listeners configured to receive gesture events from the device hardware (e.g., a touch interface of the client device).

At step 210, a gesture event corresponding to a dragging gesture may be detected and tracked as the view is being dragged from a first position to a second position on the display. In some embodiments, this may be done by tracking pixel movement relative to a predetermined threshold. As a specific example, suppose the display is 320 pixels wide and 480 lines tall, a predetermined threshold may be set at the 70th line relative to an edge of the display. The predetermined threshold is configurable and may depend on the size of the display. When a dragging gesture is detected, the position of a pixel initially located at an edge of the display may be tracked and compared with the predetermined threshold to determine if the view should be refreshed.

In some embodiments, a predetermined threshold may be set as a relative distance between a first position and a second position of a pixel. When a dragging gesture is detected, the second position of the pixel initially located at the first position may be tracked and the distance between the two positions may be compared with the predetermined threshold to determine if the view should be refreshed.

At step 215, the view is refreshed if the pixel movement corresponding to the dragging gesture reaches or exceeds the predetermined threshold. In some embodiments, this may entail calling a work function which is inputted into the gesture-to-refresh functionality when initialized (step 220).

If the pixel movement corresponding to the dragging gesture does not indicate that the view should be refreshed, the view is allowed to return to its normal position upon detecting release of the dragging gesture.

A non-limiting example of pseudo-code for implementing the invention described above is provided below:

DOWNLOAD ALL VIEWS OF SINGLE PAGE APPLICATION PERFORM INITIALIZATION CHECKS: INITIALIZE VIEW PARAMETERS INITIALIZE VIEW-SPECIFIC GESTURE THRESHOLD ADD LISTENERS FOR GESTURE EVENTS FOR ALL VIEWS ON FIRST DETECTION OF GESTURE EVENT, DETERMINE THE VIEW IN WHICH THE GESTURE EVENT OCCURS (I.E., DETERMINE VIEW ID OF ACTIVE VIEW) IF THIS IS THE VIEW IN WHICH THE GESTURE EVENT OCCURS { INITIALIZE GESTURE PARAMETERS: DETERMINE INITIAL GESTURE POSITION (E.G., Y1 ON AXIS Y) ON THE VIEW UPDATE USER INTERFACE TO INITIATE GESTURE TRACKING (E.G., A PULLING GESTURE ASSOCIATED WITH A MOUSE-DOWN EVENT) IN THE VIEW } WHILE GESTURE EVENT (E.G., MOUSE-DOWN EVENT) CONTINUES IN THE VIEW { UPDATE USER INTERFACE TO REFLECT GESTURE IN THE VIEW UPDATE GESTURE PARAMETERS: DETERMINE CURRENT POSITION (E.G., Y2 ON AXIS Y) IN THE VIEW IF DIFFERENCE BETWEEN INITIAL GESTURE POSITION AND CURRENT POSITION EXCEEDS VIEW-SPECIFIC GESTURE THRESHOLD (E.G., PULLDOWN THRESHOLD) { PERFORM WORK FUNCTION FOR THE VIEW UPDATE USER INTERFACE TO EXIT GESTURE-TO-REFRESH FUNCTIONALITY IN THE VIEW RESET GESTURE EVENT PARAMETERS } } OTHERWISE, CONTINUE WHILE LOOP ON-GESTURE-RELEASED { UPDATE USER INTERFACE TO EXIT GESTURE-TO-REFRESH IN THE VIEW RESET GESTURE EVENT PARAMETERS } WORK FUNCTION FOR THE VIEW { DO SOMETHING }

Operation of embodiments and the pseudo-code are explained with reference to process flow 300 of FIG. 3 and one example of a gesture-to-refresh functionality shown in FIG. 4.

Referring to FIG. 3, when a user accesses a web page of a single page web application on a user device, the user device may download all views and associated source code for the single page web application (step 302). At the same time, code associated with a gesture-to-refresh functionality (e.g., pull down functionality 400) is downloaded to the user device.

As an example, the user device may send a single request to a remote server. In response, the remote server may send a plurality of views to the user device. The user device may load the plurality of views in a web browser. In some embodiments, a view may be determined as an active view based on a predetermined default active view within the plurality of views. In some embodiments, views other than the active view may be disabled when inactive. The web browser may enable the display of a plurality of links, each link corresponding to one of the plurality of views. In response to a selection of one of the links at the user device, the active view may be updated to the view corresponding to the selected link and the previous active view may be disabled.

As illustrated in FIG. 4, pull down functionality 400 downloaded to a user device may be configured with a set of input items, including a view identifier (ViewID), a work function (Work Fn), a content element (ContentElem), and a status element (StatusElem). In some embodiments, an instance of pull down functionality 400 is initialized with each view and the input items are passed in to the instance of pull down functionality 400 such that each view gets its own set of input items.

The initialization may include performing initialization checks, such as checking view parameters (step 304). As discussed above, a non-native application running on a client device such as a mobile device can have a plurality of views opened at the same time. Each view has a view identifier that uniquely identifies the view. Each view has an associated work function which is called whenever a view-specific gesture threshold (e.g., a pull-down threshold or dragging threshold) is reached. These view-specific thresholds are initialized when the views are first downloaded (step 306). Pull down functionality 400 associated with a view may add a listener for monitoring gesture events. This is done for all views (step 308). The listeners continuously monitor gesture events such as a mouse-down event, a touch event, a pointing device or stylus dragging event, etc.

In addition to monitoring gesture events, pull down functionality 400 may operate to track a user's gesture positions (e.g., by touch, a mouse, a stylus, or any suitable pointing device) on an active view using gesture events communicated to the listeners. For example, upon detection of a gesture event (step 310), the currently active view is identified (e.g., by determining the view identifier associated with the active view where the gesture event is occurring) (step 312) and gesture parameters for the identified view are initialized accordingly (step 314). In some embodiments, detecting the dragging operation may include: detecting dragging over a computer display for displaying the active page, the computer display coupled to the computer processor, the dragging detected via a computer mouse, a stylus, a touch interface, a pointing device, or the like that is coupled to the computer processor. In some embodiments, detecting the dragging operation may include detecting dragging over a touch-sensitive computer display for displaying the active view, the computer display coupled to the computer processor.

As noted above, in some embodiments, there can be a single active view displayed at a time. Accordingly, pull down functionality 400 may first determine if the view associated with the view identifier passed in at initialization is the active view currently displayed on the mobile device. Again, each view is associated with a view identifier. Thus, determining the active view within the plurality of views may entail determining which view is active based on the view identifier.

Initialization of gesture parameters may include determining the initial gesture position (e.g., a location on the y axis of the active view) on the view (step 316). That is, for the active view, pull down functionality 400 may determine whether the status element is moving or loading based on the tracked positions. As illustrated in FIG. 4, the status element is associated with the data that is being fetched (and that is “grown” when a user pulls down the view), while the content element refers to the content currently displayed in the view.

At this time, the user interface is updated to initiate a gesture tracking loop (step 318). If the gesture terminates (step 320), then the gesture parameters are reset (step 322), and process 300 loops back to monitor for gesture events. Otherwise, the user interface is updated to reflect the gesture (e.g., pulling the view down) (step 324) and gesture parameters are updated accordingly (step 326). If the tracked positions indicate that the status element (or a status portion of the active view) is moving or loading, pull down functionality 400 may determine whether such movement reaches or exceeds a dragging threshold (step 328).

In some embodiments, this may entail comparing a dragging difference (i.e., an offset between the initial gesture position and the current position) to a predetermined dragging threshold and determining whether the dragging difference is greater than or equal to the dragging threshold.

In some embodiments, the dragging operation may occur relative to a computer display having a vertical extent and a horizontal extent, the initial dragging position and the current dragging position determined relative to the vertical extent. In some embodiments, the dragging operation may occur from the top to the bottom of the vertical extent. However, the dragging operation may also occur from the bottom to the top of the vertical extent. Furthermore, the dragging operation may occur relative to a computer display having a vertical extent and a horizontal extent, the initial dragging position and the current dragging position determined relative to the horizontal extent.

If, for example, the difference between an initial position and a current position is less than a predetermined threshold T (step 320), process 300 may continue to monitor the gesture and pull down functionality 400 may reset the status element without refreshing the content element. Otherwise, if the movement reaches or exceeds the dragging threshold T, pull down functionality 400 may call a sub function to refresh the content element (or a content portion of the active page), call the work function (from input) to perform the work function associated with the view, and/or animate the status element being loaded back up to its initial position (step 330). As an example, the work function can be selected from a set of work functions related to a content repository. The work function may be, for example, an update of the view, as will be discussed in greater detail below.

Once the work function is initiated, the user interface is updated to exit pull down functionality 400 (step 332), and may enter a standby state (step 334) to wait for a wakeup call (step 336), whereupon gesture parameters are reset in (step 322) and process 300 loops back to monitor for gesture events. In some embodiments, pull down functionality 400 is only functional/operational when called by an associated client application.

FIG. 6 depicts a diagrammatic representation of one example embodiment of a data processing system that can be used to implement embodiments disclosed herein. As shown in FIG. 6, data processing system 600 may include one or more central processing units (CPU) or processors 601 coupled to one or more user input/output (I/O) devices 602 and memory devices 603. Examples of I/O devices 602 may include, but are not limited to, keyboards, displays, monitors, touch screens, printers, electronic pointing devices such as mice, trackballs, styluses, touch pads, or the like. Examples of memory devices 603 may include, but are not limited to, hard drives (HDs), magnetic disk drives, optical disk drives, magnetic cassettes, tape drives, flash memory cards, random access memories (RAMs), read-only memories (ROMs), smart cards, etc. Data processing system 600 can be coupled to display 606, information device 607 and various peripheral devices (not shown), such as printers, plotters, speakers, etc. through I/O devices 602. Data processing system 600 may also be coupled to external computers or other devices through network interface 604, wireless transceiver 605, or other means that is coupled to a network such as a local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), or the Internet.

Those skilled in the relevant art will appreciate that the invention can be implemented or practiced with other computer system configurations, including without limitation multi-processor systems, network devices, mini-computers, mainframe computers, data processors, and the like. The invention can be embodied in a general purpose computer, or a special purpose computer or data processor that is specifically programmed, configured, or constructed to perform the functions described in detail herein. The invention can also be employed in distributed computing environments, where tasks or modules are performed by remote processing devices, which are linked through a communications network such as a LAN, WAN, and/or the Internet. In a distributed computing environment, program modules or subroutines may be located in both local and remote memory storage devices. These program modules or subroutines may, for example, be stored or distributed on computer-readable media, including magnetic and optically readable and removable computer discs, stored as firmware in chips, as well as distributed electronically over the Internet or over other networks (including wireless networks). Example chips may include Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory (EEPROM) chips. Embodiments discussed herein can be implemented in suitable instructions that may reside on a non-transitory computer readable medium, hardware circuitry or the like, or any combination and that may be translatable by one or more server machines. Examples of a non-transitory computer readable medium are provided below in this disclosure.

ROM, RAM, and HD are computer memories for storing computer-executable instructions executable by the CPU or capable of being compiled or interpreted to be executable by the CPU. Suitable computer-executable instructions may reside on a computer readable medium (e.g., ROM, RAM, and/or HD), hardware circuitry or the like, or any combination thereof. Within this disclosure, the term “computer readable medium” is not limited to ROM, RAM, and HD and can include any type of data storage medium that can be read by a processor. Examples of computer-readable storage media can include, but are not limited to, volatile and non-volatile computer memories and storage devices such as random access memories, read-only memories, hard drives, data cartridges, direct access storage device arrays, magnetic tapes, floppy diskettes, flash memory drives, optical data storage devices, compact-disc read-only memories, and other appropriate computer memories and data storage devices. Thus, a computer-readable medium may refer to a data cartridge, a data backup magnetic tape, a floppy diskette, a flash memory drive, an optical data storage drive, a CD-ROM, ROM, RAM, HD, or the like.

The processes described herein may be implemented in suitable computer-executable instructions that may reside on a computer readable medium (for example, a disk, CD-ROM, a memory, etc.). Alternatively, the computer-executable instructions may be stored as software code components on a direct access storage device array, magnetic tape, floppy diskette, optical storage device, or other appropriate computer-readable medium or storage device.

Any suitable programming language can be used to implement the routines, methods or programs of embodiments of the invention described herein, including C, C++, Java, JavaScript, HTML, or any other programming or scripting code, etc. Other software/hardware/network architectures may be used. For example, the functions of the disclosed embodiments may be implemented on one computer or shared/distributed among two or more computers in or across a network. Communications between computers implementing embodiments can be accomplished using any electronic, optical, radio frequency signals, or other suitable methods and tools of communication in compliance with known network protocols.

Different programming techniques can be employed such as procedural or object oriented. Any particular routine can execute on a single computer processing device or multiple computer processing devices, a single computer processor or multiple computer processors. Data may be stored in a single storage medium or distributed through multiple storage mediums, and may reside in a single database or multiple databases (or other data storage techniques). Although the steps, operations, or computations may be presented in a specific order, this order may be changed in different embodiments. In some embodiments, to the extent multiple steps are shown as sequential in this specification, some combination of such steps in alternative embodiments may be performed at the same time. The sequence of operations described herein can be interrupted, suspended, or otherwise controlled by another process, such as an operating system, kernel, etc. The routines can operate in an operating system environment or as stand-alone routines. Functions, routines, methods, steps and operations described herein can be performed in hardware, software, firmware or any combination thereof.

Embodiments described herein can be implemented in the form of control logic in software or hardware or a combination of both. The control logic may be stored in an information storage medium, such as a computer-readable medium, as a plurality of instructions adapted to direct an information processing device to perform a set of steps disclosed in the various embodiments. Based on the disclosure and teachings provided herein, a person of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate other ways and/or methods to implement the invention.

It is also within the spirit and scope of the invention to implement in software programming or code an of the steps, operations, methods, routines or portions thereof described herein, where such software programming or code can be stored in a computer-readable medium and can be operated on by a processor to permit a computer to perform any of the steps, operations, methods, routines or portions thereof described herein. The invention may be implemented by using software programming or code in one or more general purpose digital computers, by using application specific integrated circuits, programmable logic devices, field programmable gate arrays, optical, chemical, biological, quantum or nanoengineered systems, components and mechanisms may be used. In general, the functions of the invention can be achieved by any means as is known in the art. For example, distributed, or networked systems, components and circuits can be used. In another example, communication or transfer (or otherwise moving from one place to another) of data may be wired, wireless, or by any other means.

A “computer-readable medium” may be any medium that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, system or device. The computer readable medium can be, by way of example only but not by limitation, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, system, device, propagation medium, or computer memory. Such computer-readable medium shall generally be machine readable and include software programming or code that can be human readable (e.g., source code) or machine readable (e.g., object code). Examples of non-transitory computer-readable media can include random access memories, read-only memories, hard drives, data cartridges, magnetic tapes, floppy diskettes, flash memory drives, optical data storage devices, compact-disc read-only memories, and other appropriate computer memories and data storage devices. In an illustrative embodiment, some or all of the software components may reside on a single server computer or on any combination of separate server computers. As one skilled in the art can appreciate, a computer program product implementing an embodiment disclosed herein may comprise one or more non-transitory computer readable media storing computer instructions translatable by one or more processors in a computing environment.

A “processor” includes any, hardware system, mechanism or component that processes data, signals or other information. A processor can include a system with a general-purpose central processing unit, multiple processing units, dedicated circuitry for achieving functionality, or other systems. Processing need not be limited to a geographic location, or have temporal limitations. For example, a processor can perform its functions in “real-time,” “offline,” in a “batch mode,” etc. Portions of processing can be performed at different times and at different locations, by different (or the same) processing systems.

As used herein, the terms “comprises,” “comprising,” “includes,” “including,” “has,” “having,” or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, product, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, product, article, or apparatus.

Furthermore, the term “or” as used herein is generally intended to mean “and/or” unless otherwise indicated. For example, a condition A or B is satisfied by any one of the following: A is true (or present) and B is false (or not present), A is false (or not present) and B is true (or present), and both A and B are true (or present). As used herein, a term preceded by “a” or “an” (and “the” when antecedent basis is “a” or “an”) includes both singular and plural of such term, unless clearly indicated otherwise (i.e., that the reference “a” or “an” clearly indicates only the singular or only the plural). Also, as used in the description herein, the meaning of “in” includes “in” and “on” unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

It will also be appreciated that one or more of the elements depicted in the drawings/figures can also be implemented in a more separated or integrated manner, or even removed or rendered as inoperable in certain cases, as is useful in accordance with a particular application. Additionally, any signal arrows in the drawings/figures should be considered only as exemplary, and not limiting, unless otherwise specifically noted.

Although the present disclosure has been described in detail herein with reference to the illustrative embodiments, it should be understood that the description is by way of example only and is not to be construed in a limiting sense. It is to be further understood, therefore, that numerous changes in the details of the embodiments disclosed herein and additional embodiments will be apparent to, and may be made by, persons of ordinary skill in the art having reference to this description. Accordingly, the scope of the present disclosure should be determined by the following claims and their legal equivalents. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A method, comprising: initializing, by a computing device, a gesture-to-refresh functionality with a view of a page of a non-native application running on the computing device, the view having a view-specific predetermined threshold, the non-native application written in code that is not native to an operating system executing on the computing device and that is platform-independent with respect to the computing device; the gesture-to-refresh functionality embodied on non-transitory computer memory of the computing device and performing: monitoring gesture events relative to the view presented on a display of the computing device; detecting and tracking the view being dragged left, dragged right, or pulled up by a dragging gesture of a user from a first position to a second position on the display of the computing device, the first position controlled by the user through the dragging gesture; determining a difference between the first position and the second position; refreshing the view presented on the display of the computing device when the difference between the first position and the second position of the view reaches or exceeds the view-specific predetermined threshold; and allowing the view to return to the first position upon release of the dragging gesture when the second position of the view is less than the view-specific predetermined threshold.
 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the non-native application comprises a web browser application and wherein the page comprises a web page.
 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the computing device comprises a mobile device, a smart phone, or a tablet computer.
 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the view is dragged from the first position to the second position in a linear motion from a first side of the display of the computing device to a second side of the display of the computing device.
 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the initializing the gesture-to-refresh functionality comprises providing a view identifier associated with the view as an input to the gesture-to-refresh functionality.
 6. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: prior to detecting and tracking the view being dragged, determining whether the view is currently active on the display of the computing device.
 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the initializing the gesture-to-refresh functionality comprises providing a work function as an input to the gesture-to-refresh functionality and wherein the refreshing the view comprises calling the work function.
 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the refreshing the view comprises performing an animation of a loading element associated with the view.
 9. A method for performing work functions in response to dragging operations, comprising: a client device receiving from a remote server a plurality of views, each view associated with a work function; in a computer hardware processor of the client device: determining an active view within the plurality of views and enabling the display of the active view, the plurality of views being loaded in a non-native application that is written in code that is not native to an operating system executing on the client device and that is platform-independent with respect to the client device; determining an inactive view within the plurality of views, different than the active view, and disabling the display of the inactive view; detecting a dragging operation within the active view; determining an initial dragging position and enabling the display of a dragging gesture by a user within the display of the active view, the initial dragging position controlled by the user through the dragging gesture; determining an update to the dragging operation within the active view and determining a current dragging position; determining a dragging difference between the initial dragging position and the current dragging position with respect to the active view being dragged left, dragged right, or pulled up; comparing the dragging difference to a predetermined dragging threshold; and based on said comparing, performing the work function associated with the active view.
 10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the plurality of views is received in response to a single request, further comprising: loading the plurality of views in a web browser, the active view determined based on a predetermined default active view within the plurality of views; enabling the display of a plurality of links, each link corresponding to one of the views; receiving a selection of one of the links; and updating the active view to the view corresponding to the selected link.
 11. The method according to claim 9, wherein detecting the dragging operation includes: detecting dragging over a computer display for displaying the active view, the computer display coupled to the computer hardware processor, the dragging detected via a computer mouse, a stylus, a pointing device, or a touch interface coupled to the computer hardware processor.
 12. The method according to claim 9, wherein detecting the dragging operation includes: detecting dragging over a touch-sensitive computer display for displaying the active view, the computer display coupled to the computer hardware processor.
 13. The method according to claim 9, wherein comparing the dragging difference to a predetermined dragging threshold comprises determining that the dragging difference is greater than or equal to the dragging threshold.
 14. The method according to claim 9, wherein the dragging operation occurs relative to a computer display having a vertical extent and a horizontal extent, the initial dragging position and the current dragging position determined relative to the vertical extent.
 15. The method according to claim 14, wherein the dragging operation occurs from the top to the bottom of the vertical extent.
 16. The method according to claim 9, wherein the dragging operation occurs relative to a computer display having a vertical extent and a horizontal extent, the initial dragging position and the current dragging position determined relative to the horizontal extent.
 17. The method according to claim 9, wherein each view is associated with a view identifier, and wherein determining the active view within the plurality of views comprises determining which view is active based on the view identifier.
 18. The method according to claim 9, wherein the active view includes a status portion and a content portion, the method further comprising: updating the display of the status portion of the active view and the display of the content portion of the active view based on the dragging operation.
 19. The method according to claim 9, wherein at least a portion of the plurality of views is associated with work functions selected from a set of work functions related to a content repository.
 20. The method according to claim 9, wherein the plurality of views are loaded in a web browser, the web browser being the nonnative application that is platform-independent of the computer hardware processor. 